前回の復習:連想法
- custody (detention, guardianship)
Mnemonic: “Custody” sounds like custodian → someone holding the keys. If you’re in custody, someone holds the keys to you.
Association: Picture a janitor locking a child in a giant locker during a custody battle.
Context: The parents fought over custody of their child.
- conscience (moral sense, inner voice)
Mnemonic: “Con-science” = “science together” → the knowledge that guides you inside.
Association: Imagine a tiny angel scientist in a white coat whispering right and wrong in your ear.
Context: Her conscience wouldn’t allow her to lie.
- consortium (group, association of organizations)
Mnemonic: “Con” (together) + “sort” (type) → different types of companies together.
Association: Picture a group of CEOs holding hands and dancing in a circle.
Context: A consortium of banks funded the project.
- charade (pretense, sham)
Mnemonic: Sounds like “charity parade”, but fake → a show.
Association: Imagine a clown parade pretending to be serious politicians.
Context: The meeting was a complete charade.
- charlatan (fraud, fake expert)
Mnemonic: “Charlatan” sounds like charmer → a fake charmer.
Association: Picture a magician selling miracle hair tonic that makes people bald.
Context: The doctor turned out to be a charlatan.
- catastrophe (disaster)
Mnemonic: “Cat” + “astro” → a cat falling from space = disaster.
Association: Imagine a giant cat crashing into Earth like a meteor.
Context: The earthquake was a catastrophe for the city.
- calamity (misfortune, disaster)
Mnemonic: “Calamity” sounds like calamari (squid) → imagine squid raining from the sky = disaster.
Association: People running from falling squid → calamity.
Context: Losing his job was a personal calamity.
- complicity (involvement in wrongdoing)
Mnemonic: “Com-” (together) + “plicit” (fold, weave) → woven into crime.
Association: Imagine two criminals knitting the same sweater of crime.
Context: He was arrested for his complicity in the robbery.
- condemnation (strong disapproval)
Mnemonic: “Con” (together) + “damn” → everyone shouting “damn you!”
Association: Picture a crowd booing a politician and throwing tomatoes.
Context: The new law met with public condemnation.
- commutation (reduction, exchange, substitution)
Mnemonic: “Commute” → traveling, changing places.
Association: Imagine a prisoner’s death sentence being “commuted” to a bus ride home.
Context: The governor granted a commutation of his sentence.
- constituency (voters, people represented)
Mnemonic: Think “constitution” → people under it.
Association: Imagine a politician carrying his voters in a giant backpack.
Context: He promised to serve his constituency faithfully.
- conscription (military draft)
Mnemonic: “Script” → forced to follow a script → military draft.
Association: Imagine people being dragged onstage to act in a war movie they never auditioned for.
Context: The country introduced conscription during the war.
- conversion (change, transformation)
Mnemonic: “Convert” → switch form.
Association: Imagine a toaster suddenly converting into a spaceship.
Context: His sudden conversion to another religion surprised everyone.
- consecration (making sacred)
Mnemonic: “Sacred” is inside the word.
Association: Imagine a bishop sprinkling holy water on a cheeseburger to make it sacred.
Context: The consecration of the new church was attended by thousands.
- conformist (follower, rule-abider)
Mnemonic: “Conform” → to fit in.
Association: Imagine a row of penguins all dressed the same, marching in step.
Context: He was criticized as a conformist who never questioned authority.
- coalition (alliance, union)
Mnemonic: “Co” (together) + “all” → all together.
Association: Imagine different superheroes forming a coalition to fight boredom.
Context: Several parties formed a coalition to pass the reform.
今回の単語:連想法
- cortex(皮質、大脳皮質)
🔑 連想: 「コルテックス」=「コルテ=衣服」+「テックス=テキスタイル」→ 脳を包む「衣のような層」
👉 脳の外側の“皮”をイメージ。
- cognition(認知、知識獲得)
🔑 連想: 「コグニ=コグニック」→「認識する」→ 「脳がノートに知識を書き込むイメージ」
👉 学習や理解の“頭の動き”を思い浮かべる。
- cluster(房、集団)
🔑 連想: 「クラスター爆弾」→ 小さなものがたくさん集まっている → 「ブドウの房」も思い出す。
- coffer(金庫、財源)
🔑 連想: 「コーヒー(coffee)の缶を金庫に隠す」→ 宝物庫のイメージ。
- constriction(締め付け、抑制)
🔑 連想: 「ストリクト(厳しい)」が入っている → 「きつく縛られる感じ」。
👉 ヘビが胴体を締め付けるイメージ。
- captive(捕虜、捕らわれた人)
🔑 連想: 「キャプティブ」=「キャプチャーされた人」→ 捕まったイメージ。
- clamor(叫び、叫喚、大きな騒ぎ)
🔑 連想: 「クラマー」=「クラッカー+ハンマー」→ ハンマーでクラッカーを割る大音量。
- contrivance(工夫、仕掛け、策略)
🔑 連想: 「トリック(trick)」と似ている → 「仕掛け」「策略」。
👉 便利グッズ発明のイメージ。
- dictum(格言、権威ある言葉)
🔑 連想: 「dict=言う」→ dictator(独裁者)と同じ語源 → 「偉そうな人の決まり文句」。
- dispensation(特別許可、分配)
🔑 連想: 「ディスペンサー(自動販売機)」→ 物を配る → 「分配」「特別な許し」。
- deferment(延期)
🔑 連想: 「defer=延期する」+「-ment(名詞化)」
👉 「出発を延期する」イメージ。
- determent(抑止、阻止)
🔑 連想: 「deter=やめさせる」+「-ment」
👉 「泥棒を deter → determent(抑止)」
- delegation(代表団、委任)
🔑 連想: 「delegate=任せる」→ delegationは「任された人たち」
👉 国連に行く「日本代表団」をイメージ。
- deliberation(熟考、審議)
🔑 連想: 「libra=天秤」→ バランスを取って考える → 「熟慮、議論」。
- detention(拘留、居残り)
🔑 連想: 学校で「detention=放課後に居残り」→ 拘束される。
- debacle(大失敗、総崩れ)
🔑 連想: 「デバッカル」=「デバッグ失敗」→ 大崩壊。
👉 舞台の幕(curtain)が崩れ落ちて大失敗。
ここからはコロケーションで覚えましょう
| cortex(皮質、大脳皮質) | prefrontal cortex(前頭前皮質) cerebral cortex(大脳皮質) visual cortex(視覚野) |
| cognition(認知、知覚) | human cognition(人間の認知) cognitive development(認知発達) cognition process(認知過程) |
| cluster(集団、房) | star cluster(星団) cluster of buildings(建物の集まり) cluster analysis(クラスター分析) |
| coffer(金庫、財源) | treasury coffers(財務省の金庫) coffers of the city(都市の財源) coffers filled with gold(金で満たされた金庫) |
| constriction(締め付け、抑制) | blood vessel constriction(血管の収縮) economic constriction(経済の締め付け) tight constriction(きつい締め付け) |
| captive(捕虜、囚人) | take captive(捕虜にする) held captive(拘束されている) captive audience(拘束された観客=逃げられない観客) |
| clamor(叫び声、騒ぎ) | public clamor(公衆の騒ぎ) clamor for justice(正義を求める叫び) political clamor(政治的な騒動) |
| contrivance(仕掛け、工夫、策略) | mechanical contrivance(機械的仕掛け) ingenious contrivance(巧妙な工夫) literary contrivance(文学的な仕掛け) |
| dictum(格言、訓示) | famous dictum(有名な格言) legal dictum(法的判決文) authoritative dictum(権威ある言葉) |
| dispensation(特別許可、分配) | special dispensation(特別許可) religious dispensation(宗教上の特別措置) financial dispensation(財政上の分配) |
| deferment(延期、猶予) | military deferment(兵役延期) tax deferment(税金支払い猶予) temporary deferment(一時的な延期) |
| determent(抑止、阻止) | determent from crime(犯罪の抑止) effective determent(効果的な抑止) deterrent and determent(抑止力と阻止) |
| delegation(代表団、委任) | official delegation(公式代表団) delegation of authority(権限委任) international delegation(国際代表団) |
| deliberation(熟考、審議) | careful deliberation(慎重な熟考) deliberation process(審議過程) lengthy deliberation(長時間の審議) |
| detention(拘留、居残り) | police detention(警察の拘留) school detention(学校の居残り) preventive detention(予防的拘留) |
| debacle(大失敗、総崩れ) | financial debacle(金融破綻) political debacle(政治的失敗) military debacle(軍事的大敗) |
以上が水曜日の内容です。
コロケーションを口に出して覚えましょう!
