前回の復習:連想法
- array (a large group or arrangement)
Mnemonic: a ray of light → imagine many rays lined up = array
Association: A jewelry store window full of sparkling gems neatly lined up.
Sentence: She admired the array of colorful dresses in the shop window.
- alliance (union, partnership)
Mnemonic: ally = friend, -ance = state → being friends = alliance
Association: Cats and dogs forming a team to steal pizza from humans.
Sentence: The two companies formed an alliance to fight against larger competitors.
- annihilation (total destruction)
Mnemonic: From nihil = nothing → everything turns into nothing.
Association: A planet being blasted into dust by a giant laser.
Sentence: The movie showed the complete annihilation of a city by aliens.
- accusation (charge, blame)
Mnemonic: accuse + -tion = accusation.
Association: A child pointing at his brother yelling, “You ate the cookie!”
Sentence: He made an accusation that his neighbor had stolen his bike.
- affidavit (written sworn statement)
Mnemonic: Sounds like “I have faith” → swearing truth in writing.
Association: Someone in court raising their hand and signing a paper: “I swear this is true!”
Sentence: The witness signed an affidavit to confirm her statement.
- accomplice (partner in crime)
Mnemonic: ac- (together) + complice (involved) → someone involved with you.
Association: A raccoon with his squirrel friend helping him steal food.
Sentence: The police arrested the thief and his accomplice.
- acquittal (not guilty verdict)
Mnemonic: Sounds like quit → quit the charges → not guilty.
Association: Judge hitting the gavel and saying, “You’re free!”
Sentence: The jury’s decision led to his acquittal.
- aberration (deviation, unusual act)
Mnemonic: ab- (away) + err (to stray) → wandering off the path.
Association: A strict teacher suddenly starts breakdancing in class.
Sentence: His sudden anger was an aberration from his usual calmness.
- amendment (change, correction)
Mnemonic: amend = to fix → amendment = fixing the law.
Association: A constitution with red pen corrections all over it.
Sentence: The senator proposed an amendment to the law.
- abstention (choosing not to vote or act)
Mnemonic: ab- (away) + tenere (to hold) → holding back.
Association: A person standing in front of the ballot box saying, “Nope, not voting.”
Sentence: There were three votes in favor, two against, and one abstention.
- annulment (official cancellation)
Mnemonic: null = zero → bring back to zero.
Association: A wedding ceremony being rewound like a videotape back to nothing.
Sentence: She filed for an annulment of the marriage.
- ailment (minor illness)
Mnemonic: ail = to hurt → ailment = something that makes you unwell.
Association: Someone sneezing and holding a tissue, saying, “It’s just a little cold.”
Sentence: He visited the doctor for a minor ailment.
- anatomy (body structure, dissection)
Mnemonic: ana- (up) + tome (to cut) → cut open to study.
Association: A biology student dissecting a frog in class.
Sentence: She studied human anatomy in medical school.
- anesthetic (medicine that removes feeling)
Mnemonic: an- (without) + esthetic (feeling) → without feeling.
Association: Dentist injecting a drug, and your mouth goes totally numb.
Sentence: The dentist gave him a local anesthetic.
- autism (developmental condition affecting communication/behavior)
Mnemonic: auto- (self) + -ism (condition) → “self-focused condition.”
Association: A child deeply focused on solving puzzles, blocking out everything else.
Sentence: His son was diagnosed with autism at an early age.
今回の単語:連想法
- atheist(無神論者)
連想: a-(否定)+theist(神を信じる人) → 神を信じない人。
イメージ: 教会の前で「神はいない!」とプラカードを持つ人。
覚え方: A-theist → 「神様を“アッ”サリ否定する人」。
- abyss(深淵、底なしの穴)
連想: a-(否定)+byssos(底)→ 底がない。
イメージ: 海のど真ん中に落ちていく「底なしの穴」。
覚え方: abyss → 「あっ、ビスケット落としたら底なしに消えた!」。
- affliction(苦痛、災難)
連想: af-(強調)+flict(打つ)→ 打たれて苦しむ。
イメージ: 頭痛でズキズキ叩かれる感じ。
覚え方: affliction → 「アフリカ旅行中の災難」。
- addendum(付録、補遺)
連想: add(加える)+endum(もの)→ 追加されたもの。
イメージ: 本の最後に「オマケのページ」がついてくる。
覚え方: addendum → 「本に add した部分」。
- avarice(強欲)
連想: 語源 avere(欲する)→ 欲張り。
イメージ: 大金をかき集めて「まだ足りない!」と叫ぶ人。
覚え方: avarice → 「あばれるほど欲しい」。
- adulation(過剰なお世辞、崇拝)
連想: ad-(〜に向かう)+ulation(しっぽを振る)→ 犬のように媚びる。
イメージ: 上司の前でペコペコお世辞を言いまくる部下。
覚え方: adulation → 「アド(上司)にうるさいほどお世辞」。
- anachronism(時代錯誤)
連想: ana-(逆)+chronos(時間)→ 時間が逆。
イメージ: 江戸時代にスマホを持つ侍。
覚え方: anachronism → 「アナクロ」= 時代遅れ。
- arrears(滞納、未払い)
連想: rear(後ろ)から → 支払いが後ろにズレる。
イメージ: 家賃を何か月も滞納して、督促状の山。
覚え方: arrears → 「アリがイヤになるほど未払い請求」。
- autonomy(自治、自立)
連想: auto-(自分)+nomos(法律)→ 自分の法律で動く。
イメージ: 自分でルールを決めて暮らす島の住人。
覚え方: autonomy → 「オートで自分をノミネート=自立」。
- bail(保釈金、保釈)
連想: 語源 baile(担保)→ 保証して外に出す。
イメージ: 囚人が「金を払って自由を買う」。
覚え方: bail → 「ベールをかぶってこっそり釈放」。
- bunker(地下避難所、壕)
連想: 戦争のイメージ → 地下に隠れる場所。
イメージ: ゴルフの砂場も「バンカー」 → 隠れてしまう。
覚え方: bunker → 「バン!来るから隠れる場所」。
- benediction(祝福、祈り)
連想: bene-(良い)+diction(言葉)→ 良い言葉 = 祝福。
イメージ: 神父が「神の祝福がありますように」と手をかざす。
覚え方: benediction → 「ベネ(いい)ディクション(言葉)」。
- benefactor(慈善家、恩人)
連想: bene-(良い)+factor(する人)→ 良いことをする人。
イメージ: 学費を援助してくれるおじさん。
覚え方: benefactor → 「ベネ(いい)ファクト(行為)する人」。
- blasphemy(冒涜)
連想: blas-(傷つける)+pheme(言葉)→ 神を傷つける言葉。
イメージ: 教会で「神なんていない」と叫ぶ人。
覚え方: blasphemy → 「ブラッ!神をバカにする言葉」。
- blemish(汚点、しみ)
連想: きれいな顔に小さなシミ。
イメージ: 白い紙にポツンと黒い点。
覚え方: blemish → 「ブレミッシュ=ブレ(乱れ)を見せるシミ」。
- brink(瀬戸際、縁)
連想: 崖の縁(edge, border)。
イメージ: 滝のギリギリのところに立つ人。
覚え方: brink → 「ブリン!と落ちそうな縁」。
ここからはコロケーションで覚えましょう
| atheist(無神論者) | militant atheist(闘争的無神論者) outspoken atheist(率直に意見を述べる無神論者) declared atheist(公言した無神論者) |
| abyss(深淵、底なしの穴) | bottomless abyss(底なしの深淵) stare into the abyss(深淵を見つめる) moral abyss(道徳的な深淵) |
| affliction(苦痛、災難) | chronic affliction(慢性的な苦痛) bear an affliction(苦痛に耐える) source of affliction(苦しみの源) |
| addendum(付録、補遺) | addendum to a contract(契約への付録) addendum to a book(本の付録/補遺) technical addendum(技術的補遺) |
| avarice(強欲) | driven by avarice(強欲に駆られる) insatiable avarice(飽くなき強欲) human avarice(人間の強欲) |
| adulation(過剰なお世辞) | receive adulation(お世辞を受ける) excessive adulation(過剰なお世辞) public adulation(大衆からの称賛) |
| anachronism(時代錯誤) | historical anachronism(歴史的時代錯誤) cultural anachronism(文化的時代錯誤) seen as an anachronism(時代遅れと見なされる) |
| arrears(滞納、未払い) | in arrears with rent(家賃を滞納して) fall into arrears(滞納に陥る) salary arrears(給料の未払い) |
| autonomy(自治、自立) | political autonomy(政治的自治) personal autonomy(個人の自立) grant autonomy(自治を与える) |
| bail(保釈金、保釈) | post bail(保釈金を払う) released on bail(保釈で釈放される) deny bail(保釈を認めない) |
| bunker(地下壕、避難所) | underground bunker(地下壕) military bunker(軍事用バンカー) hide in a bunker(バンカーに隠れる) |
| benediction(祝福、祈り) | give a benediction(祝福を与える) closing benediction(最後の祝祷) priest’s benediction(神父の祝福) |
| benefactor(恩人、慈善家) | generous benefactor(寛大な恩人) anonymous benefactor(匿名の慈善家) act as a benefactor(恩人として行動する) |
| blasphemy(冒涜) | commit blasphemy(冒涜を犯す) charge of blasphemy(冒涜の罪) considered blasphemy(冒涜と見なされる) |
| blemish(汚点、欠点) | facial blemish(顔のしみ) blemish on one’s record(経歴の汚点) remove a blemish(欠点を取り除く) |
| brink(瀬戸際、縁) | on the brink of war(戦争の瀬戸際) brink of collapse(崩壊の寸前) bring to the brink(瀬戸際に追いやる) |
以上が水曜日の内容です。
コロケーションを口に出して覚えましょう!
