前回の復習：連想法
diffident (adj.)
Meaning: shy, lacking self-confidence
Mnemonic: “Different + confident → Not confident like others”
Association: A student hides behind a book when asked to speak—she’s diffident.
Sentence: She was too diffident to ask a question in front of the whole class.
Japanese: 自信がなくて控えめな
amenable (adj.)
Meaning: willing to cooperate or be influenced
Mnemonic: “A man is able to agree” → amenable
Association: Your friend nods and says “Sure!” to every plan—he’s amenable.
Sentence: He was amenable to changing the deadline after hearing our reasons.
Japanese: 従順な、柔軟な
copious (adj.)
Meaning: abundant, in large quantity
Mnemonic: “Copy us!” — too many copies → copious notes
Association: A student with a thick binder full of notes = copious.
Sentence: She took copious notes during the lecture.
Japanese: 豊富な、大量の
detrimental (adj.)
Meaning: harmful, damaging
Mnemonic: “Detri” = damage (like destroy) + mental = harmful to mind
Association: Eating junk food every day is detrimental to health.
Sentence: Smoking is detrimental to your lungs.
Japanese: 有害な
dissident (adj./n.)
Meaning: opposing official policy; one who disagrees
Mnemonic: “Dis-” (against) + “resident” = resident who disagrees
Association: A protestor holding a sign outside the government office = dissident.
Sentence: Dissident voices were silenced by the regime.
Japanese: 反対意見を持つ（人）
discreet (adj.)
Meaning: careful, tactful, not drawing attention
Mnemonic: “Dis + CREEP” = not creeping around, but being careful
Association: Whispering in someone’s ear without others noticing = discreet.
Sentence: She was discreet about her job offer from another company.
Japanese: 慎重な、控えめな
demoralized (adj.)
Meaning: having lost confidence or hope
Mnemonic: “De-” (down) + “moral” → spirit is down
Association: A team loses 0-10 and walks off the field = demoralized.
Sentence: After so many failures, he felt utterly demoralized.
Japanese: 士気をくじかれた
disgruntled (adj.)
Meaning: dissatisfied, annoyed
Mnemonic: “Grunt” = angry noise → dis + gruntled = unhappy
Association: A customer frowning at the restaurant = disgruntled.
Sentence: Disgruntled employees walked out of the meeting.
Japanese: 不満な、不機嫌な
destitute (adj.)
Meaning: extremely poor
Mnemonic: “Desperate + institute” → so poor they need help from a charity
Association: A person with no home or food = destitute.
Sentence: The flood left many families destitute.
Japanese: 極貧の
dilapidated (adj.)
Meaning: in bad condition, falling apart
Mnemonic: “Dila-” sounds like “de-lab” = broken lab
Association: A house with broken windows and a sagging roof = dilapidated.
Sentence: They lived in a dilapidated shack on the outskirts of town.
Japanese: 荒廃した、ボロボロの
emaciated (adj.)
Meaning: abnormally thin due to illness or hunger
Mnemonic: “Ema is thin → emaciated”
Association: A person with visible ribs and sunken cheeks = emaciated.
Sentence: The emaciated dog had not eaten for days.
Japanese: やせ衰えた
feasible (adj.)
Meaning: possible, doable
Mnemonic: “Fee is able” → you can afford it = feasible
Association: A project with a good plan and budget = feasible.
Sentence: This proposal is not only ambitious but also feasible.
Japanese: 実現可能な
hilarious (adj.)
Meaning: extremely funny
Mnemonic: “Ha ha” → laugh = hilarious
Association: Laughing till your stomach hurts = hilarious movie
Sentence: That comedian is absolutely hilarious.
Japanese: とても面白い
jubilant (adj.)
Meaning: joyful, triumphant
Mnemonic: “Jubilee” = celebration → jubilant
Association: Fans jumping and cheering after a win = jubilant.
Sentence: The crowd was jubilant after the team scored the winning goal.
Japanese: 喜びに満ちた、歓喜にあふれた
pliable (adj.)
Meaning: easily bent or influenced
Mnemonic: “Pliable = pliers + bendable”
Association: Soft clay or a person who agrees with everything = pliable
Sentence: Children’s minds are pliable, so early education matters.
Japanese: 柔軟な、影響を受けやすい
今回の単語：連想法
assertive（自己主張の強い）
🔗 連想：「アッ、サーッと言う人」→ はっきり主張する人
authoritative（権威のある、信頼できる）
🔗 連想：「オー、それは正しい！」→ 権威ある発言に皆納得
assiduous（勤勉な）
🔗 連想：「汗（あせ）＋ジュワッ」→ 汗をかくほど真面目に働く
devout（敬虔な）
🔗 連想：「出ばって祈る」→ 信仰心が強い人が積極的に祈る姿
intimate（親密な）
🔗 連想：「into me」→ 私の中に入ってくるほど近い関係
flagrant（目に余る、ひどい）
🔗 連想：「フレイグランス（香水）」→ 香水がキツすぎて目立つように、悪事が目立つ
filthy（とても汚い）
🔗 連想：「フィルターがない」→ 汚れがそのまま、非常に不衛生
ferocious（凶暴な）
🔗 連想：「fur（毛）＋怒り」→ 毛を逆立てて怒る猛獣のイメージ
grueling（へとへとになるほどきつい）
🔗 連想：「グルグル＋疲れる」→ 体も頭もぐるぐる回るくらい大変
immaculate（汚れがない、完璧な）
🔗 連想：「イマキュレート → 今キレイと！」→ ピカピカに清掃済み
impeccable（非の打ち所がない）
🔗 連想：「ピッカピカ」→ 欠点がなく完璧な状態
unscathed（無傷の）
🔗 連想：「スケートで転んでも無傷！」→ 奇跡的に無事
unprecedented（前例のない）
🔗 連想：「precedent（前例）＋ un（否定）」→ 前例がまったくない
optimum（最適な）
🔗 連想：「オプションの中で一番」→ 一番良い選択、最適
placid（穏やかな）
🔗 連想：「プカッと静かに浮かぶ」→ 湖面のように穏やか
ここからはコロケーションで覚えましょう
| assertive（自己主張の強い） | assertive behavior：自己主張の強い行動 assertive communication：率直なコミュニケーション an assertive tone：はっきりした口調 |
| authoritative（権威のある、信頼できる） | authoritative source：信頼できる情報源 authoritative voice：威厳のある声 authoritative command：権威ある命令 |
| assiduous（勤勉な） | assiduous effort：たゆまぬ努力 assiduous attention：注意深い配慮 an assiduous student：勤勉な学生 |
| devout（敬虔な） | devout Christian：敬虔なキリスト教徒 devout believer：熱心な信者 devout prayer：心からの祈り |
| intimate（親密な） | intimate relationship：親密な関係 intimate friend：親しい友人 intimate setting：こぢんまりとした空間（親密な雰囲気） |
| flagrant（目に余る、ひどい） | flagrant violation：あからさまな違反 flagrant abuse：露骨な悪用 flagrant injustice：目に余る不正 |
| filthy（とても汚い） | filthy clothes：ひどく汚れた服 filthy language：下品な言葉 filthy environment：不衛生な環境 |
| ferocious（凶暴な） | ferocious animal：凶暴な動物 ferocious attack：激しい攻撃 ferocious storm：猛嵐 |
| grueling（へとへとになるほどきつい） | grueling schedule：過酷なスケジュール grueling race：過酷なレース grueling work：きつい労働 |
| immaculate（汚れのない、完璧な） | immaculate appearance：完璧な見た目 immaculate room：非常に清潔な部屋 immaculate reputation：非の打ち所のない評判 |
| impeccable（非の打ち所のない） | impeccable manners：完璧なマナー impeccable timing：完璧なタイミング impeccable taste：抜群のセンス |
| unscathed（無傷の） | emerge unscathed：無傷で出てくる remain unscathed：被害を受けないままでいる come through unscathed：難を逃れる |
| unprecedented（前例のない） | unprecedented crisis：前例のない危機 unprecedented scale：かつてない規模 unprecedented growth：前例のない成長 |
| optimum（最適な） | optimum level：最適レベル optimum condition：最適な状態 optimum solution：最良の解決策 |
| placid（穏やかな） | placid lake：穏やかな湖 placid expression：穏やかな表情 placid temperament：穏やかな気質 |
以上が水曜日の内容です。
コロケーションを口に出して覚えましょう！
