前回の復習：連想法
Asset (資産)
Mnemonic Device: Think of “a set” of valuable items.
Association: An asset is something valuable that you “set” aside because it’s important.
Contextual Usage: “Her house is her most valuable asset.”
Conspiracy (陰謀)
Mnemonic Device: “Con” means with and “spir” sounds like spirit; a conspiracy is like a group with a shared secret spirit.
Association: A secret plan by a group, often to do something harmful.
Contextual Usage: “The conspiracy to overthrow the government was uncovered by the police.”
Commitment (約束)
Mnemonic Device: Think of “commit” as “promise to meet.”
Association: A commitment is a promise to do something or be dedicated to a cause.
Contextual Usage: “He made a commitment to finish the project by the end of the month.”
Confiscation (没収)
Mnemonic Device: “Confiscate” sounds like “confuse” + “take”; you might be confused when something is taken away.
Association: Taking someone’s property by authority.
Contextual Usage: “The confiscation of illegal drugs was a major success for the police.”
Coverage (報道)
Mnemonic Device: Think of “cover” as in covering a story.
Association: The extent to which something is reported or dealt with.
Contextual Usage: “The media’s coverage of the event was extensive.”
Deportation (国外追放)
Mnemonic Device: “Deport” sounds like “depart” which means to leave.
Association: The act of sending someone away from a country.
Contextual Usage: “The deportation of illegal immigrants has increased in recent years.”
Defiance (反抗)
Mnemonic Device: “Defy” sounds like “deny”; in defiance, you deny authority.
Association: Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Contextual Usage: “His defiance against the rules got him in trouble.”
Decadence (堕落)
Mnemonic Device: “Decadence” sounds like “decay”; moral decay or decline.
Association: Excessive indulgence in pleasure leading to moral decline.
Contextual Usage: “The decadence of the Roman Empire contributed to its fall.”
Derision (嘲笑)
Mnemonic Device: “Derision” sounds like “division”; creating division by mocking someone.
Association: Mockery or ridicule.
Contextual Usage: “His proposal was met with derision from his colleagues.”
Eulogy (弔辞)
Mnemonic Device: “Eu” means good, and “logy” means speech; a good speech.
Association: A speech given in praise of someone, typically at a funeral.
Contextual Usage: “She gave a moving eulogy at her grandfather’s funeral.”
Flattery (お世辞)
Mnemonic Device: “Flatter” sounds like “flutter”; compliments can make someone’s heart flutter.
Association: Excessive or insincere praise.
Contextual Usage: “He tried to win her over with flattery.”
Grievance (不平)
Mnemonic Device: “Grieve” is in grievance; a cause for grieving or complaining.
Association: A complaint or resentment.
Contextual Usage: “The workers filed a grievance against the company for unfair treatment.”
Hallmark (特徴)
Mnemonic Device: “Hall” and “mark”; a mark you notice in a hallway, a defining feature.
Association: A distinctive feature or characteristic.
Contextual Usage: “Innovation is a hallmark of the tech company.”
Homage (敬意)
Mnemonic Device: “Homage” sounds like “home-age”; showing respect as if at home.
Association: Respect or honor shown publicly.
Contextual Usage: “The statue was erected in homage to the great leader.”
Remuneration (報酬)
Mnemonic Device: “Remuneration” sounds like “re-money-ation”; getting money back.
Association: Payment for services or work done.
Contextual Usage: “She received fair remuneration for her consulting services.”
今回の単語：連想法
Bribery (賄賂)
Association: お金 (money) + 秘密 (secret)
Explanation: 賄賂は秘密裏にお金を渡すことを意味します。
bribery (賄賂)
Association: Think of a corrupt politician secretly accepting cash to influence decisions.
日本語説明: 賄賂とは、他人を不正に動かすために金銭や利益を提供する行為です。
bankruptcy (破産)
Association: Visualize a business owner closing shop with a “bankrupt” sign, unable to pay debts.
日本語説明: 破産は、財政的に行き詰まり、借金を返せなくなる状態です。
conjecture (推測)
Association: Picture someone guessing the outcome of a mystery with incomplete information.
日本語説明: 推測とは、証拠が不十分な状態で結果を予測することです。
debit (借方)
Association: Imagine using a debit card to withdraw money, reducing the account balance.
日本語説明: 借方は、銀行口座からお金を引き出すことや、会計上の負債を指します。
disguise (変装)
Association: Visualize someone wearing a mask and costume to hide their identity.
日本語説明: 変装は、誰かに自分の正体を隠すために外見を変えることです。
decree (法令)
Association: Think of a king issuing a royal decree to announce new laws.
日本語説明: 法令は、政府や権力者によって発布される正式な命令や規則です。
elimination (排除)
Association: Picture a competition where participants are progressively eliminated until one winner remains.
日本語説明: 排除は、不要なものを取り除くことや、競技などで脱落させることです。
exorcism (悪魔祓い)
Association: Imagine a priest performing a ritual to expel evil spirits from a person or place.
日本語説明: 悪魔祓いは、悪霊や悪い影響を追い払う宗教的な儀式です。
embargo (禁輸)
Association: Picture ships being blocked from trading with a foreign country due to political tensions.
日本語説明: 禁輸は、特定の国との貿易を一時的に禁止する措置です。
fallacy (誤謬)
Association: Think of a misleading argument that appears logical but is fundamentally flawed.
日本語説明: 誤謬は、一見正しいように見えるが、論理的に誤った考え方や論理です。
inauguration (就任式)
Association: Visualize a president taking the oath of office at a formal ceremony.
日本語説明: 就任式は、新しい役職に正式に就くことを祝う儀式やイベントです。
ordinance (条例)
Association: Picture a city council passing a local law to regulate traffic or noise levels.
日本語説明: 条例は、地方自治体が制定する特定の地域でのルールや規制です。
precept (教訓)
Association: Imagine a wise teacher giving moral guidelines for life.
日本語説明: 教訓は、道徳的な行動や考え方の指針となる教えです。
transaction (取引)
Association: Picture two people exchanging money for goods in a business deal.
日本語説明: 取引は、お金や商品をやり取りするビジネスの行為や契約です。
rundown (概要)
Association: Imagine receiving a quick summary of a meeting or event, covering the key points.
日本語説明: 概要は、出来事やプロセスの要点や全体像を簡潔にまとめたものです。
Pan Out: 成功する
Association: 「フライパン」 + 「アウト」= 食材がフライパンから出て美味しくなる（成功する）
Explanation: フライパンで調理する過程を想像し、食材がうまく調理されると成功するというイメージを使います。
Pass Down: を伝える
Association: 「パス」 + 「ダウン」= 世代を超えて（下に）パスする（伝える）
Explanation: サッカーなどでパスを下に送るイメージを使い、情報や物を次の世代に伝えることを思い出します。
Play Down: をもみ消す
Association: 「プレイ」 + 「ダウン」= プレイを軽くする（重要性をもみ消す）
Explanation: スポーツでプレイをわざと軽くすることで、その重要性を軽減するイメージを使います。
Pull Through: 乗り切る
Association: 「引っ張る」 + 「通過する」= 困難な状況から引っ張って通り抜ける（乗り切る）
Explanation: 困難な状況から誰かを引っ張って通り抜けさせるイメージを使い、困難を乗り切ることを思い出します。
ここからはコロケーションで覚えましょう
| Bribery (賄賂) | Bribery charges – 賄賂容疑 Accepting bribery – 賄賂を受け取る Bribery scandal – 賄賂スキャンダル Bribery investigation – 賄賂調査 |
| Bankruptcy (破産) | File for bankruptcy – 破産を申請する Declare bankruptcy – 破産を宣言する Bankruptcy court – 破産裁判所 Bankruptcy protection – 破産保護 |
| Conjecture (推測) | Pure conjecture – 単なる推測 Based on conjecture – 推測に基づく Wild conjecture – 根拠のない推測 Idle conjecture – 無駄な推測 |
| Debit (引き落とし) | Debit card – デビットカード Debit account – 引き落とし口座 Direct debit – 直接引き落とし Debit transaction – 引き落とし取引 |
| Disguise (変装) | Perfect disguise – 完璧な変装 Wear a disguise – 変装する Disguise oneself – 自分を変装する Disguise as – 〜に変装する |
| Decree (法令) | Issue a decree – 法令を発する Royal decree – 王の法令 Presidential decree – 大統領の法令 Enforce a decree – 法令を施行する |
| Elimination (排除) | Complete elimination – 完全排除 Gradual elimination – 徐々の排除 Waste elimination – 廃棄物の排除 Elimination process – 排除過程 |
| Exorcism (除霊) | Perform an exorcism – 除霊を行う Ritual of exorcism – 除霊の儀式 Exorcism ceremony – 除霊の儀式 Successful exorcism – 成功した除霊 |
| Embargo (禁輸) | Trade embargo – 貿易禁輸 Lift an embargo – 禁輸を解除する Impose an embargo – 禁輸を課す Oil embargo – 石油禁輸 |
| Fallacy (誤り) | Logical fallacy – 論理の誤り Common fallacy – よくある誤り Fallacy of reasoning – 推論の誤り Expose a fallacy – 誤りを暴く |
| Inauguration (就任) | Inauguration ceremony – 就任式 Presidential inauguration – 大統領の就任 Inauguration day – 就任日 Attend an inauguration – 就任式に出席する |
| Ordinance (条例) | City ordinance – 市条例 Local ordinance – 地方条例 Enact an ordinance – 条例を制定する Violating an ordinance – 条例違反 |
| Precept (教え) | Moral precept – 道徳的教え Religious precept – 宗教的教え Follow a precept – 教えに従う Establish a precept – 教えを確立する |
| Transaction (取引) | Financial transaction – 金融取引 Complete a transaction – 取引を完了する Transaction fee – 取引手数料 Business transaction – ビジネス取引 |
| Rundown (概要) | Brief rundown – 簡単な概要 Give a rundown – 概要を説明する Quick rundown – 迅速な概要 Detailed rundown – 詳細な概要 |
以上が水曜日の内容です。
コロケーションを口に出して覚えましょう！
