前回の復習：連想法
Balance (残高)
Mnemonic Device: Picture a bank balance being balanced on a scale, where one side is money and the other is expenses.
Association: Balance your checkbook.
Contextual Usage: After checking his bank account, John was pleased with his remaining balance.
Criterion
Mnemonic Device: Think of a “crying tier” where each tier or level has a specific criterion to move up.
Association: Criteria for a competition.
Contextual Usage: One important criterion for the job is excellent communication skills.
Decorum
Mnemonic Device: Imagine “decorating a room” with proper manners and etiquette.
Association: Formal dinner decorum.
Contextual Usage: The ambassador was known for his strict adherence to decorum at international meetings.
Dexterity
Mnemonic Device: Picture a “dexterous” person playing the guitar with skillful hands.
Association: Dexter the skilled handyman.
Contextual Usage: Her dexterity with the sewing needle impressed everyone at the craft fair.
Duplicity
Mnemonic Device: Think of “duplicate” faces to represent deceit and double-dealing.
Association: Spy with duplicity.
Contextual Usage: The agent’s duplicity was revealed when he was found to be working for both sides.
Ebullience
Mnemonic Device: Visualize a pot of water “bubbling” over with excitement.
Association: A bubbling personality.
Contextual Usage: Her ebullience was contagious, lifting the spirits of everyone around her.
Exhilaration
Mnemonic Device: Picture yourself on a thrilling “exhilarating” rollercoaster ride.
Association: The exhilaration of winning a race.
Contextual Usage: The exhilaration he felt after completing the marathon was indescribable.
Expenditure
Mnemonic Device: Think of a “spending tour” where you track all expenses.
Association: Monthly household expenditures.
Contextual Usage: The annual expenditure for the project exceeded the budget by 20%.
Fidelity
Mnemonic Device: Imagine a loyal “Fido” the dog, symbolizing faithfulness.
Association: Fidelity in a relationship.
Contextual Usage: The knight pledged his fidelity to the king, vowing to remain loyal.
Indolence
Mnemonic Device: Picture a “doll” that never moves, representing laziness.
Association: Indolence during summer vacation.
Contextual Usage: His indolence was evident as he spent most days lounging on the couch.
Indiscretion
Mnemonic Device: Think of “indiscreet” actions being shared indiscriminately.
Association: Indiscretion at a party.
Contextual Usage: His indiscretion at the company event led to a reprimand from his boss.
Premium
Mnemonic Device: Picture a “premium” gold star sticker representing high quality.
Association: Premium membership benefits.
Contextual Usage: Customers willing to pay a premium expect top-notch service.
Proceeds (収益)
Mnemonic Device: Visualize the “process” of money flowing in as proceeds from a sale.
Association: Charity event proceeds.
Contextual Usage: All proceeds from the concert will go to the children’s hospital.
Utility
Mnemonic Device: Think of a “utility belt” with essential tools for various tasks.
Association: Utility bills.
Contextual Usage: The utility of this multi-tool is incredible; it has a function for every need.
Yardstick
Mnemonic Device: Imagine measuring success with an actual “yardstick.”
Association: Yardstick for measuring performance.
Contextual Usage: The company’s financial performance is often used as a yardstick for the industry.
今回の単語：連想法
Audacity (大胆さ)
連想法: オーディション（audition）で大胆に自己アピールする。
Affinity (親近感)
連想法: フィン（fin）を持つ魚と泳ぐときの親近感。
Allegory (寓話)
連想法: 「アリゴリズム」（algorithm）が実は寓話のキャラクター。
Duration (期間)
連想法: ドラマのエピソードの長さ（duration）。
Deficit (赤字)
連想法: 「デブ（de）スーツ（suit）」でお金が赤字になる。
Dividend (配当)
連想法: 「ダイビング（diving）」で得た配当。
Deduction (控除)
連想法: 「デダクション（deduction）」で税金控除。
Dues (会費)
連想法: 「デュークス（dukes）」がクラブの会費を払う。
Hoax (悪ふざけ)
連想法: 「ホークス（hawks）」のいたずら電話。
Innuendo (暗示)
連想法: 「犬エンドウ（inu-endo）」が暗示する何か。
Insinuation (ほのめかし)
連想法: 「イン（in）」した後のささやき。
Grudge (恨み)
連想法: 「ガレージ（garage）」での恨み。
Tenure (在職期間)
連想法: 「テニス（tennis）」の選手の在職期間。
Proximity (近接)
連想法: プロの「シティ（city）」に近接している。
Surplus (余剰)
連想法: 「サプライズ（surprise）」の余剰分。
Live down (を人に忘れられる)
連想法: “down”（下）に行くと誰も見えなくなり、忘れられるイメージ。
Mark out (を区画する)
連想法: 「マーカー（marker）」でアウトラインを引いて区画する。
Muscle in on (に強引に入り込む)
連想法: 「マッスル（muscle）」で強引にドアを開けて入るイメージ。
Measure out (を量り分ける)
連想法: メジャー（measure）カップで量り分ける。
ここからはコロケーションで覚えましょう
| Audacity (大胆さ) | Have the audacity to (〜する大胆さがある) Show audacity (大胆さを見せる) Incredible audacity (信じられない大胆さ) |
| Affinity (親近感) | Feel an affinity for (〜に親近感を感じる) Natural affinity (自然な親近感) Cultural affinity (文化的な親近感) |
| Allegory (寓話) | An allegory of (〜の寓話) Use allegory (寓話を使う) Political allegory (政治的な寓話) |
| Duration (期間) | For the duration of (〜の期間) Long duration (長い期間) Duration of the event (イベントの期間) |
| Deficit (赤字) | Budget deficit (予算赤字) Trade deficit (貿易赤字) Reduce the deficit (赤字を減らす) |
| Dividend (配当) | Pay a dividend (配当を支払う) Dividend yield (配当利回り) Annual dividend (年間配当) |
| Deduction (控除) | Tax deduction (税控除) Make a deduction (控除を行う) Deduction amount (控除額) |
| Dues (会費) | Pay dues (会費を払う) Membership dues (会員費) Owe dues (会費を負う) |
| Hoax (悪ふざけ) | Perpetrate a hoax (悪ふざけを仕掛ける) Elaborate hoax (巧妙な悪ふざけ) Hoax call (いたずら電話) |
| Innuendo (暗示) | Make an innuendo (暗示をする) Sexual innuendo (性的な暗示) Veiled innuendo (ほのめかされた暗示) |
| Insinuation (ほのめかし) | Make an insinuation (ほのめかしをする) Subtle insinuation (微妙なほのめかし) Unfounded insinuation (根拠のないほのめかし) |
| Grudge (恨み) | Hold a grudge (恨みを抱く) Long-standing grudge (長年の恨み) Personal grudge (個人的な恨み) |
| Tenure (在職期間) | Academic tenure (学術の在職期間) Tenure track (テニュアトラック) Secure tenure (在職期間を確保する) |
| Proximity (近接) | Close proximity (近接) Proximity to (〜への近接) Geographic proximity (地理的な近接) |
| Surplus (余剰) | Budget surplus (予算余剰) Trade surplus (貿易余剰) Surplus inventory (余剰在庫) |
以上が月曜日の内容です。
コロケーションを口に出して覚えましょう！
